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Dedication to the World Baton Twirling Federation and its history

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The origin of Baton twirling is unknown. It may have started in Eastern Europe and Asia at dance festivals where the goers used knives, guns, torches and sticks to twirl with and toss. The "activity" progressed into the armies of some countries which twirled with rifles during marches. When the army was parading, they added a rifle twirler to the front of the marchers. The rifle was then switched for a "mace". The mace was much larger than the batons of today and imbalanced. They are still used by some marching bands and parades nowadays. The mace barer or "drum major" twirled the baton while leading the army or band. This was very popular in the United States following World War II with the American Legion Bands and the Fireman’s Bands.  In the early part of the century, twirlers were mostly boys and men - because the batons were very heavy.  
 

The maces were altered for easier twirling and now resemble the batons of today. They were given smaller ends of light rubber, made from hollow light metal and balanced to give accuracy to the twirler.  This lead to the involvement of females "majorettes" and the progression of twirling that resulted in the of the lightening and balancing of the baton.  In the late 1930s the "majorette" made her debut,.when band directors decided to increase the audience appeal of the marching band by adding a baton twirler or two. The role became so popular that high school girls all over the country wanted to participate. Shorter, lighter batons continued to developed for the rash of feminine twirlers springing up. Through the '40s, '50s, and '60s, more and more girls became majorettes. The involvement of girls and young women made twirling a more graceful, artistic form of self-expression than it had ever been before.
 

In the middle of the 1950s incorporated baton twirling associations in the United States began to develop. The associations organized baton competitions on both state and national levels. Two of the largest U.S. associations today are the United States Twirling Association (USTA) and the National Baton Twirling Association (NBTA). Both hold national competitions every year and officiate at competitions at local state and regional levels. 
 

By the 1960's, twirling the baton evolved from just being "majorettes" who marched with bands and performed at half-time of American football games into a competitive sport in the United States and later began to develop in other parts of the World in the following decades.       

While many member countries have their own national organizations, the World Baton Twirling Federation governed the sport of baton twirling on an international level for its member federations for many years

The increasing popularity of the sport of baton twirling throughout the world brought about the formation of the WORLD BATON TWIRLING FEDERATION (WBTF). An organizational meeting in London, England in 1977 brought together the leaders of the baton twirling organizations from many countries around the world. The founding President of the WBTF was Mr. John Kirkendall, from Ypsilanti, Michigan, USA.

At that meeting, the WBTF was formed to develop, encourage, and standardize the sport. With the spirit of international cooperation which characterized the London meeting, the second meeting was held in the Canary Island in 1978 at which time the By-Laws of the Federation were approved and discussion of international rules of competition were debated by the representatives.

As a prelude to the first World Competition, the WBTF conducted the first World Demonstration of Baton Twirling on March 31, 1979, in the beautiful setting of Piazza San Marco in Venice, Italy. An estimated crowd of 10,000 spectators watched as athletes performed complicated routines with precision and grace.

In October of 1979, the Federation representatives met in Paris, France to finalize all plans for the first WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS OF BATON TWIRLING, bringing together teams of twirlers from ten countries to compete in a spirit of healthy, athletic competition. The United States Twirling Association, Inc. hosted the first World Championships in Seattle, Washington in 1980. Each successive year, one member country has hosted the championships.
 

Affiliate Membership was established for new and developing countries to allow close affiliation with the Federation before moving up to Provisional Membership, which then allows these new countries additional involvement prior to obtaining full membership status in the Federation. Some of the major accomplishments made over the years include the following:

  • 1991 - the Official WBTF Constitution was signed by 14 member countries with a complete set of By-Laws and Rules and Regulations.

  • The main events at the first World Baton Twirling Championships were Freestyle and Compulsory Moves. Two new events were introduced: Teams (1981) and Pairs (1993). In 2005, a Short Program replaced the Compulsory Moves for the Senior Men and Women’s divisions.

  • New age classifications were introduced for world-class competition to ensure fairness and equality.

  • Provisional Membership and Affiliate Membership were added to encourage growth and participation of new countries.

  • 2005 – The very first International Cup was hosted by the USTA in St. Paul, Minnesota. Events offered at the International Cup are: 1-baton, 2-baton, 3-baton, Team and Group. Age divisions: Junior (12-16); Senior (17-20); Adult (21 and over). Number of participants for Team (6 to 8 members); Group (10 to 20 members). Alternates: maximum 2 for Teams and Groups. The WBTF also introduced a Level A and a Level B for all events to assist new member countries. Guidelines were established for Level B events.

  • International Clinics taught by coaches from around the world are offered to all athletes following world competition.

  • A standardized Judges’ Training Program and Master Exam was established for all WBTF disciplines and events.

  • A standardize Coaches Training Program and certification is available for all coaches. 

  • Many member countries have been granted official sports recognition by their National Sports Governing Body and by their National Olympic Committee.

  • Baton Twirling was presented to the public for the first time as a “promotional sport” at the 1993 World Games in The Hague, Netherlands.
     

The WBTF is committed to the ideals of democracy, fairness, and honesty; its Board of Directors work on long-range projects and oversees specific focus areas. The Technical and Judges’ Committees have standardized the sport of baton twirling through extensive testing and development.

Twirlers, coaches, judges, and parents look to the WBTF World Championships as the epitome of baton twirling excellence.
 

The World Baton Twirling Record Book, sponsored by Star Line Baton Company Inc. and the WBTF provides photographs, text and complete competition results for previous World Baton Twirling Championships and the International Cup, plus it also provides other articles and history of the WBTF.

We all know that the era of pleated mini-skirts and high-stepping parade marchers as baton twirlers has diminished and that baton twirling has progressed to a physically demanding, world class sport. Baton twirling has developed into a multi-faceted sport for everyone - children, adolescents, and adults. It is a great sport for recreation, school groups, community organizations, and, of course, competition.

But baton twirling is not only a sport - it is also an art. It is an art because it requires style and beauty, and a sport because it combines intense coordination to keep the baton in motion while the body moves in a graceful manner, all the while incorporating dance moves, gymnastic maneuvers, and music interpretation demanding a high level of concentration and physical exertion. In addition, baton twirling promotes sportsmanship and a competitive spirit. Baton twirling as a competitive sport encompasses the physical stamina and agility of gymnastics and dance, the artistic expression and beauty of figure skating and ballet, and the technical skill of all these sports combined.

Baton twirling has truly become a sight to behold - an entertaining and exciting sport to perform and watch. Baton twirling has become a great sport and a great activity for boys and girls, and men and women.
 

Participating in the sport of competitive baton twirling has given many athletes the change to learn about discipline, perseverance, frustration, uncertainty, pain, victory, even defeat. Baton twirling gives the athlete an opportunity to achieve, to feel a sense of self-esteem and personal accomplishment, and to learn about setting and attaining goals. The World Baton Twirling Championships and International Cup allow our athletes to meet new friends, learn about different cultures, and represent their country in a spirit of patriotism at the most prestigious baton twirling championships with dignity and pride.

The World Baton Twirling Federation is composed of devoted leaders, the friendly baton twirlers, and the most dedicated and supportive parents. Member countries of the WBTF believe in their organization and its ideals. The leaders of the WBTF devote their lives to an acknowledged cause - the growth and development of competitive baton twirling as a recognized sport with the promise of fair competitions for all the athletes. We hope that the sport of baton twirling will expand over all continents, so that one-day, the Sport of Baton Twirling will receive Olympic recognition.

History

Three WBTF Presidents

Pictured L to R - Three of WBTF’s Presidents: Sandi Wiemers, John Kirkendall and Lynda Garland (2008)

The First World Championships

The first World Baton Twirling Championships were held in 1980 in Seattle, Washington, USA with athletes from ten countries of the World Baton Twirling Federation competing in three divisions: Junior Women, Senior Women and Men.
 

At this event, all three World Champions represented the United States of America:

  • Junior Women: Bonnie Palacious

  • Senior Women: Pam Harris

  • Men: Michael Cruz

 

Renowned coaches of our early Gold Medalists, who had a vision and made that vision become a reality through the development of Freestyle are:

  • Jerry Alvarez

  • Ann Bittenbender

  • Cecelia Cruz McLean

  • Michael Cruz

  • Maureen Johnson

  • Chet Jones

  • Alan Kramer

  • Annette Odello

  • Maxine Papadopoulos

  • Bonnie Webber

  • Dale White

  • Frances Whitley

The following individuals have been instrumental in inaugurating and developing the World Baton Twirling Federation:

  • John Kirkendall/USA - Founding President

  • Jack Crum/USA - Founding Member/Organizer

  • Peppino Giamminola/Italy - Founding Member/Organizer - First Vice President of the WBTF/1978; WBTF Honorary Member

  • Aiko Takayama/Japan - Founding Member; WBTF Honorary Member

  • Jurgen Ernst/Germany - WBTF Treasurer (1983-1993); WBTF Honorary Member

  • Chet Jones/USA - instrumental in developing Compulsory Moves

  • Ann Bittenbender/USA - Chair of the Technical Committee (1979 to 1987)

  • George Walbridge/USA/Star Line Baton Company - Developer and Organizer

  • Ken Sasser/USA/International Teachers Institute - Organizer

  • Tom Veenendall/USA - World Record Book Editor (1985 to 1996)

  • Lynda Garland/Canada - WBTF President (1983 to 2008)

  • Star Line Baton Company Inc., President and CEO, Jack Crum/USA

  • Frances Whitley/USA – WBTF Technical Vice Chair (1992 to 2005)

  • Paola DeMarchi/Italy - WBTF Technical Chair (1992 - present)

  • Jackie Stewart/USA - WBTF Judges Chair (1992 - present)

  • Sandi Wiemers/USA - WBTF Vice President (2000-2008)  WBTF President (2008 - present)

  • Paul Rutten/Netherlands - WBTF Treasurer (1993- present;  World Record Book Editor (1996 - present)

Founders

Honorary Members

Founding Honorary Members

Pictured L to R - Founding Honorary Members Peppino Giamminola, Aiko Takayama, Jack Crum and Jurgen Ernst (1996)

Lynda Garland, Canada

Maureen Johnson, Canada

Ron Kopas, Canada

Jurgen Ernst, Germany

Jean-Claude Steiner, France

Peppino Giamminola, Italy

Noriko Sugiura, Japan

Aiko Takayama, Japan

Jackie Inglis Gillies, Scotland

Jack Crum, USA

Chet Jones, USA

John Kirkendall, USA

Frances Whitley-Cook, USA

Dale White, USA

Tomoko Natsuda, Japan

Jackie Stewart, USA

Seishi Inagaki, Japan

Tamiko Okoshi, Japan

Paola De Marchi, Italy

Paul Rutten, The Netherlands

Sandi Wiemers, USA

Bernadette Doyne, Ireland

Click 'In Memoriam' title (RIGHT) to find the WBTF In Memoriam.

Distinguished Service Awards

Shirley Craig, Scotland

Shirley is judging her 20th WBTF World Championship/International Cup competition beginning in 2001.

 

Xavier Papin, France

Xavier has judged 14 World Championships and has served as France’s judges representative to the WBTF since 1999, and also serves on the WBTF Executive Technical Committee and the European Judges Chair.

Elisabeth Kleive, Norway

Elisabeth has represented Norway as the WBTF Technical Advisor for 31 years beginning in 1991. She also serves on the WBTF Executive Technical Committee as the Vice Chair.

Niklas Strid, Sweden

Niklas has served as WBTF’s tabulation coordinator since 2016, He assists with testing and set up of tabulation for all WBTF’s events and has been instrumental in developing a new tabulation program for scoring of the future Freestyle judging system.

In 1998, the World Baton Twirling Federation introduced the Special Athlete's Award of Recognition.

Recipients of this very prestigious award are:
 

Presented in 2011

Jenny Hannah - USA
 

Presented in 2008

Carina van Beers - Netherlands; Joaquin Bermudez -  Spain-Catalonia
 

Presented in 2007

David Doyne - Ireland; Shuichi Kawazu - Japan; Toshimichi Sasaki - Japan

Presented in 2005

Akemi Kimura - Japan; Kathy Hewitt - England

Presented in 2003

Chiharu Tachiban - Japan; Kellie Donovan - USA; Sebastien Dubois - France; Tamara Hoevenaars - Netherlands 

Presented in 2002

Elissa Johnson - USA; Emery Harriston - USA

Presented in 2001

Bridgette Bartley - USA; Chiara Stefanazzi - Italy; Elin Hjartaaker - Norway; Jenny Hannah - USA; Mark Nash - USA

Presented in 2000

Bertrand Royer - France


Presented in 1999

Christian Altenburger - Switzerland

Presented in 1998

Celine Tanner-Imhof - Switzerland; Chiho Honjo - Japan; Christian De Backer - Belgium; Kevan Latrace - Canada; Lucinda McMaster - Canada; Noriko Takahashi - Japan; Toshimichi Sasaki - Japan

Special Athletes' Awards

WBTF Archive

Click button to the right for previous WBTF archive.

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